Basic Concept Of Lighting Designing And Luminous Calculation

Basic Concept Of Lighting Designing And  Luminous Calculation / How to desig perfect lighting.

Lighting system design is a very important concept of construction designing, and the best performance is achieved when lighting is specified through detailed calculations. However, lighting has a difference with other building systems like HVAC and plumbing: there is an artistic factor involved in the designing. Lighting systems must provide adequate visibility, but they also set the ambiance of built environments.

There are two types of classification in lighting designing first one is Indore designing the another one is outdoor designing. Indore lighting is more complicated and considers more factors for designing outdoor lights mostly consider as an art of lighting.

Mostly used keyword in the lighting designing are Lux and Lumen  

The Lumen and Lux :

Every parameter having a unit like the voltage is measured in volt and temperature is measured in Fahrenheit or Celcius or kelvin units, same as the lighting output of a lamp or fixture is measured as lumen and the unit of the lumen is Lux. Luminus efficiency means the efficiently a lamp converts electricity into lumens per watts.

How many lumens need per unit sqr meter area.

Many factors depend on lighting designing. mostly affecting the parameters are the shape of the room/area, ceiling height, and materials, color scheme of wall and floor and type of lamps and fittings.

As a general  guide below are the lumens required Sq M

Area	Lumens/Sq M
Kitchen	300-400
Kitchen (Task)	700-800
Living Room	400-500
Hallway	300
Bedroom	300-400
Bedroom (Task)	700-800
Bathroom	500-600
Bathroom (Task)	700-800
Reading Area	400

Lighting color with respect Temperature  

 Glow in a characteristic color depending on their temperature, the temperature value of lighting ranges from 2700K yellow to 6500K bluish-white

• Low color temperatures like 2700K are perceived as “warm” and they tend to have a relaxing effect. They are preferred in areas like residential bedrooms, hotel rooms, and high-end restaurants. Warm colors are not well suited for commercial and industrial settings, where the relaxing effect can be counterproductive.

• High color temperatures like 6500K are perceived as “cool” and they tend to have an energizing effect, enhancing. They are preferred in applications where maximum visibility is required, such as high-precision manufacturing. Cool colors may delay sleep when used in residential and hospitality settings, and extended exposure may be described as “stressful” by some individuals. 

• Values around 4000K are perceived as “neutral” and they offer a balance point between the two extremes described above. Neutral white is the lighting color of choice for offices, classrooms, kitchens and similar locations where concentration is required for extended periods.

Lighting Fixtures 

A light fixture, light fitting or luminaire is an electrical device used to create artificial light by use of an electric lamp. All light fixtures having a fixed body and a light socket to hold up and allow for its replacement. Light fixtures may also have other features, such as reflector for directing the light, aperture an outer shell or housing for lamp alignment protection and an electrical ballast or power supply. common light fixtures used in the construction industry are explained below.

Important terms for lighting designing

1. Illumination.[E]
2. Co-efficient of utilization[COU]
3. Maintenance factor[MF]

Illumination[E]

Its total luminous flux on a work plane, per unit area. Simply we can say the quantity of light per unit area and its unit lux. there are recommended minimum luminance levels for each place or minimum acceptable light intensity and good light distribution in each place. it's simply calculated 

      

         E = ( Flux of light received on the work surface )/(Total work plane)

Co-efficient of utilization[COU]

It is a factor in the light designing calculation for estimating the losses of illumination levels at a particular space. the value of COU will be less than 1

Sl No.	Type of Fitting	COU
		Big Room, Light wall and Celling	Small room, Dark wall, and Celling
1	Standard Direct Reflector	0.64	0.24
2	Fluorescent lamp fitting	0.64	0.24
3	Semi Direct fitting	0.56	0.2
4	Enclosed sphere or diffusing fitting	0.56	0.15
5	Indirect  fitting	0.4	0.09

I hope you understand the overall idea about lighting design next blog I will explain to you how to design indoor lighting.